A highly practical guide to the use of cost analysis as a tool for improving the efficiency of primary health care, whether at the national, regional or district level. Addressed to programme managers, the book responds to the urgent need for information that helps make the best use of scarce resources. With this need in mind, the book uses abundant explanations, examples, exercises, and timely reminders to demystify economic concepts and show how they can be used to measure programme costs, assess efficiency, and guide wise decisions The manual gives particular attention to simple methods and simple calculations in line with the reality of managerial options in district programms. The inclusion of numerous training exercises makes the material suitable for either individual study or a short training course. The manual contains twelve modules presented in three parts. Modules in the first part introduce the basic concept of financial costs and look at the factors that influence programme efficiency. Modules in the second part, on cost-effective analysis, describe the concepts of economic costs and household costs and explain how cost-effectiveness analysis can be used as a decision-making tool. The final part discusses and illustrates several important uses of cost and cost-effectiveness data for planning and management. Modules describe methods for estimating future costs, preparing a budget, using cost data in financial analysis, and improving managerial efficiency. The book concludes with a series of 37 training exercises.

chi eng fre.

kor vie.

WHODOC

WHO monograph

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