MARC details
| 000 -LEADER |
|---|
| fixed length control field |
02826cam a2200289 4500 |
| 001 - CONTROL NUMBER |
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| control field |
9241571632 |
| 020 ## - INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBER |
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| International Standard Book Number |
9241571632 |
| 035 ## - |
|---|
| -- |
(Sirsi) 9241571632 |
| 060 ## - NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE CALL NUMBER |
|---|
| Classification number |
QV 81 |
| 008 - FIXED-LENGTH DATA ELEMENTS--GENERAL INFORMATION |
|---|
| fixed length control field |
950109s1994 1 0 eng |
| 245 00 - TITLE STATEMENT |
|---|
| Title |
Chloroform / |
| Statement of responsibility, etc. |
published under the joint sponsorship of the United Nations Environment Programme, the International Labour Organisation, and the World Health Organization. |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. (IMPRINT) |
|---|
| Place of publication, distribution, etc. |
Geneva : |
| Name of publisher, distributor, etc. |
World Health Organization, |
| Date of publication, distribution, etc. |
1994. |
| 300 ## - PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION |
|---|
| Extent |
174 p. |
| 440 #0 - SERIES STATEMENT/ADDED ENTRY--TITLE |
|---|
| Title |
Environmental health criteria ; |
| Volume/sequential designation |
163 |
| 500 ## - GENERAL NOTE |
|---|
| General note |
Summary and evaluation; conclusions and recommendations also in French and Spanish. |
| 520 3# - SUMMARY, ETC. |
|---|
| Summary, etc. |
Evaluates the risks to human health and the environment posed by exposure to chloroform, a volatile liquid used in pesticide formulations and as a solvent and chemical intermediate. Its use as an anaesthetic and in proprietary medicines has been discontinued in many countries following well-documented reports of adverse effects on respiratory, cardiac and liver function. Exposure of the general public occurs via food, drinking-water, and indoor air, with water use in homes making a substantial contribution to levels in indoor air. Studies have demonstrated significant dermal absorption while showering. The most extensive chapter reviews the results of toxicity studies in laboratory animals and in vitro test systems. While both the liver and the kidney are target organs, the most universally observed toxic effect is damage to the liver. Studies indicate that cytotoxicity followed by cell proliferation is the most important cause for the development of liver and kidney tumours following experimental exposure to chloroform. The severity of toxic effects was observed to vary according to species, vehicle, and route of administration. A chapter on health effects in humans notes disturbances in respiratory and cardiovascular functions observed following short-term exposure. As in animals, liver and kidney damage were the most frequently reported adverse effects of long-term exposure. Data were judged inadequate to implicate chloroform exposure via drinking-water as a cause of human cancer. Concerning effects on the environment, the report concludes that the generally low levels of chloroform in surface water should not pose a hazard to aquatic organisms. Higher levels of chloroform resulting from industrial discharges or spills may be hazardous to the embryo-larval stages of some aquatic species. |
| 535 ## - |
|---|
| -- |
DC.HQ |
| 546 ## - LANGUAGE NOTE |
|---|
| Language note |
eng. |
| 550 ## - ISSUING BODY NOTE |
|---|
| Issuing body note |
WHODOC |
| 561 ## - OWNERSHIP AND CUSTODIAL HISTORY |
|---|
| History |
WHO monograph |
| 596 ## - |
|---|
| -- |
4 |
| 650 02 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM |
|---|
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element |
Chloroform |
| General subdivision |
adverse effects. |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) |
|---|
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element |
Chemical Toxicology and Carcinogenicity. |
| 710 2# - ADDED ENTRY--CORPORATE NAME |
|---|
| Corporate name or jurisdiction name as entry element |
World Health Organization. |
| 710 2# - ADDED ENTRY--CORPORATE NAME |
|---|
| Corporate name or jurisdiction name as entry element |
International Programme on Chemical Safety. |
| 942 ## - ADDED ENTRY ELEMENTS (KOHA) |
|---|
| Source of classification or shelving scheme |
NLM Classification Scheme |
| Koha item type |
Books |
