MARC details
| 000 -LEADER |
|---|
| fixed length control field |
02866cam a2200289 4500 |
| 001 - CONTROL NUMBER |
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| control field |
9241571578 |
| 020 ## - INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBER |
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| International Standard Book Number |
9241571578 |
| 035 ## - |
|---|
| -- |
(Sirsi) 9241571578 |
| 060 ## - NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE CALL NUMBER |
|---|
| Classification number |
QD 341.P5 |
| 008 - FIXED-LENGTH DATA ELEMENTS--GENERAL INFORMATION |
|---|
| fixed length control field |
940509s1994 1 0 eng |
| 245 00 - TITLE STATEMENT |
|---|
| Title |
Hydroquinone / |
| Statement of responsibility, etc. |
published under the joint sponsorship of the United Nations Environment Programme, the International Labour Organisation, and the World Health Organization. |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. (IMPRINT) |
|---|
| Place of publication, distribution, etc. |
Geneva : |
| Name of publisher, distributor, etc. |
World Health Organization, |
| Date of publication, distribution, etc. |
1994. |
| 300 ## - PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION |
|---|
| Extent |
178 p. |
| 440 #0 - SERIES STATEMENT/ADDED ENTRY--TITLE |
|---|
| Title |
Environmental health criteria ; |
| Volume/sequential designation |
157 |
| 500 ## - GENERAL NOTE |
|---|
| General note |
Summary and evaluation; conclusions and recommendations also in English and French. |
| 520 3# - SUMMARY, ETC. |
|---|
| Summary, etc. |
Evaluates the risks to human health and the environment posed by exposure to hydroquinone, a chemical found, in natural form, in a number of plants and animals. Hydroquinone is manufactured for a large variety of commercial applications, including use as a developer in black-and-white photography, in the production of medical and industrial X-ray films, in the manufacture of rubber antioxidants and antiozonants, and antioxidants for food preservation, and as a chemical intermediate for the production of agrochemicals and performance polymers. Hydroquinone and products containing hydroquinone are used in cosmetics and medical skin preparations as a depigmentation agent to lighten small areas of hyperpigmented skin and to treat various other disorders of pigmentation. The most extensive section evaluates studies of toxic effects in experimental animals and in vitro test systems. Particular attention is given to recent studies indicating that co-exposure to hydroquinone and various other phenolic compounds can greatly potentiate the toxic effects of the individual compounds, causing cytotoxic, immunotoxic, and genotoxic effects. Although data from human studies were judged inadequate to evaluate carcinogenic potential, the report notes a well-documented association between exposure to hydroquinone and various skin disorders. Long-term exposure to airborne hydroquinone has been observed to cause a range of ocular disorders. Citing evidence that skin-lightening creams containing hydroquinone are frequently inadequately labelled and contain concentrations exceeding the permitted limit, the report recommends that over-the-counter sale of these products be restricted. The report also calls for the development of health education programmes to discourage the use of these creams for whole body skin lightening. |
| 546 ## - LANGUAGE NOTE |
|---|
| Language note |
eng. |
| 550 ## - ISSUING BODY NOTE |
|---|
| Issuing body note |
WHODOC |
| 561 ## - OWNERSHIP AND CUSTODIAL HISTORY |
|---|
| History |
WHO monograph |
| 596 ## - |
|---|
| -- |
4 |
| 650 02 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM |
|---|
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element |
Hydroquinones |
| General subdivision |
analysis |
| -- |
toxicity. |
| 650 02 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM |
|---|
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element |
Environmental exposure. |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) |
|---|
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element |
Chemical Toxicology and Carcinogenicity. |
| 710 2# - ADDED ENTRY--CORPORATE NAME |
|---|
| Corporate name or jurisdiction name as entry element |
World Health Organization. |
| 710 2# - ADDED ENTRY--CORPORATE NAME |
|---|
| Corporate name or jurisdiction name as entry element |
International Programme on Chemical Safety. |
| 942 ## - ADDED ENTRY ELEMENTS (KOHA) |
|---|
| Source of classification or shelving scheme |
NLM Classification Scheme |
| Koha item type |
Books |
