000			02811cam a2200289 4500
001			9241571365
020			_a9241571365
035			_a(Sirsi) 9241571365
060			_aQV 633
245	0	0	_a1,1,1-Trichloroethane.
260			_aGeneva : _bWorld Health Organization, _c1992.
300			_a117 p.
440		0	_aEnvironmental health criteria ; _v136
520	3		_aEvaluates the risks to human health and the environment posed by 1,1,1-trichloroethane, a chlorinated hydrocarbon widely used in the cleaning and degreasing of metal and as a solvent in many industrial and consumer products. The abuse of this solvent has resulted in a large number of fatalities. A review of data on the environmental behaviour of 1,1,1-trichloroethane documents its ubiquitous presence in the atmosphere, its rapid transport to the troposphere, its long residence time, its depletion of ozone, and its contribution to global warming. Leaching into ground water and deep aquifers occurs and persistent contamination has been documented. While contamination of the atmosphere is judged to be the most important route of exposure for the general population, the report notes that indoor air may cause considerably higher exposures due to the use of numerous consumer products containing this solvent. Air is also noted to be the main source of exposure at the workplace. An evaluation of effects on humans draws upon studies of occupationally exposed workers and cases of fatal exposure following accidents and intentional abuse. Both acute and long-term inhalation exposures are noted to affect the central nervous system, with signs ranging from slight behavioural changes to unconsciousness. Exposure may also cause damage to the heart and liver. A review of accidents at the workplace underscores the especially dangerous conditions in poorly ventilated areas and confined spaces, such as tanks and vaults, caused by the compounds greater density than air. The final section evaluates effects on organisms in the field, concluding that environmental conamination is unlikely to pose a significant hazard for environmental organisms. Because of its many other hazards, including its ozone-depleting potential, the report recommends that the release of 1,1,1-trichloroethane be reduced to the greatest extent possible.
546			_aeng with summaries in fre and spa.
550			_aWHODOC
561			_aWHO monograph
596			_a4
650	0	2	_aTrichloroethanes _xadverse effects _xtoxicity _xstandards.
650	0	2	_aEnvironmental exposure.
650	0	2	_aEnvironmental pollutants.
690			_aChemical Toxicology and Carcinogenicity.
710	2		_aWorld Health Organization.
710	2		_aInternational Programme on Chemical Safety.
008			921008s1992 1 0 eng
942			_2NLM _cMONOGRAPH
999			_c12796 _d12796